Izindaba - Ukuphathwa Kwe-Greenhouse Humidity: Ukuvimbela Izifo Nezinambuzane Nezinambuzane

Ingabe uke wangena endlini yakho yokushisa ukushisa ekuseni futhi uzizwe sengathi ungena endaweni yokushisa sauna? Lowomoya ofudumele, noswakeme ungase ubonakale unethezekile ezitshalweni zakho - kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi ukubekela inkathazo.

Umswakama omningi ungenye yezimbangela eziphambili zezifo zokukhunta kanye nokuqubuka kwezinambuzane ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Kusukela ku-powdery mildew kukhukhamba kuya ku-botrytis kumasitrobheni, umswakama owedlulele emoyeni udala indawo ekahle yokuzalela yezinkinga zezitshalo.

Ake sihlaziye ukuthi ungalawula kanjani ukuswakama endaweni ebamba ukushisa - nokuthi kungani ukwenza kanjalo kungasindisa izitshalo zakho kanye nesabelomali sakho.

Kungani Umswakama Ubalulekile Ku-Greenhouse?

Umswakamo inani lomhwamuko wamanzi osemoyeni. Ku-greenhouses, sikhuluma kakhuluumswakama ohlobene (RH) - ukuthi umswakama ongakanani emoyeni uma uqhathaniswa nobuningi obungawubamba kulelo zinga lokushisa.

Uma i-RH ingaphezu kuka-85–90%, ungena endaweni eyingozi. Kulapho isikhunta simila khona, amagciwane ayanda, futhi izinambuzane ezithile ziyakhula. Ukulawula umswakama kubaluleke kakhulu njengokulawula izinga lokushisa noma ukukhanya.

Ku-smart greenhouse e-Netherlands, izinzwa zaxwayisa abalimi lapho i-RH ifika ku-92%. Phakathi namahora angu-24, kwavela isikhunta esimpunga. Manje bacupha amafeni azenzakalelayo nama-dehumidifiers ku-80% ukuze bahlale bephephile.

Ukuthi Umswakamo Ophezulu Ubhebhezela Kanjani Izifo Nezinambuzane

Izifo zesikhunta zithanda izindawo ezifudumele nezinomswakama. Izinhlamvu ze-powdery mildew, i-downy mildew, ne-botrytis zidinga amahora ambalwa nje omswakama ophezulu ukuze zisebenze.

Umswakama ophezulu ubuye ukhuthaze:

Izitshalo ezinamathelayo eziheha amathrip nezimpukane ezimhlophe

Izicubu zezitshalo zibe buthaka, okwenza izifo zibe lula

Ukujiya emaqabunga, okusabalalisa amagciwane

Ukukhula kwesikhunta esithelweni, izimbali, ngisho nasezindongeni ze-greenhouse

E-Guangdong, omunye umlimi wamarose wabona amachashaza amnyama esabalala ubusuku bonke ngesikhathi sezimvula. Umlandu? Ingxube engu-95% ye-RH, umoya omile, kanye nokufingqa kwasekuseni.

Isinyathelo 1: Yazi Ukuswakama Kwakho

Qala ngokulinganisa. Awukwazi ukuphatha ongakuboni. Beka ama-hygrometer edijithali noma izinzwa zesimo sezulu ezindaweni ezihlukene ze-greenhouse yakho - eduze kwezitshalo, ngaphansi kwamabhentshi, nasemakhoneni anomthunzi.

Funa i:

I-RH ephezulu yansuku zonke, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuphuma kwelanga

I-RH ephezulu ezindaweni ezinomoya omncane

Ama-spikes angazelelwe ngemva kokuchelela noma ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa

Izinzwa ezihlakaniphile zingakwazi ukulandelela i-RH futhi zilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo amafeni, ama-vent, noma ama-fogger — kwakheka isimo sezulu esizilinganiselayo.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Thuthukisa ukugeleza komoya kanye nokukhipha umoya

Ukunyakaza komoya kusiza ukuphula amaphakethe anomswakama. Iphinde isheshise ukomiswa kwamaqabunga, okuqeda ukhunta.

Amathiphu abalulekile:

Faka amafeni we-horizontal airflow (HAF) ukuze ujikeleze umoya ngokulinganayo

Vula uphahla noma izintuba eziseceleni ngezikhathi ezifudumele nezinomswakama

Sebenzisa izifeni ezikhipha umoya noma oshimula abangenzi lutho ukuze ususe umoya omanzi

Ehlobo, ukungena komoya wemvelo kungenza izimanga. Ebusika, xuba ekugelezeni komoya okushisayo ukuze uvimbele ukuminyana okubandayo endaweni yezitshalo.

I-greenhouse eyodwa e-California yehlise i-botrytis ngo-60% ngemva kokufaka amaphaneli okungenisa umoya owelanayo namafeni asezingeni eliphansi.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Lungisa Ukunisela Ngokuhlakanipha

Ukunisela ngokweqile kuwumthombo omkhulu womswakama. Inhlabathi emanzi iyahwamuka, ikhulise i-RH - ikakhulukazi ebusuku.

Amathiphu okunisela:

Nisela amanzi ekuseni ukuze umswakama owedlulele wome kusihlwa

Sebenzisa i-drip irrigation ukuze unciphise ukuhwamuka

Gwema ukuchelela phakathi namafu, izinsuku ezinganyakazi

Hlola umswakama wenhlabathi ngaphambi kokunisela - hhayi nje ohlelweni

Ukushintshela kuzinzwa zomswakama womhlabathi nokunisela ngesikhathi kusiza umlimi oyedwa we-bell pepper e-Mexico ehlise i-RH ngo-10% kuyo yonke i-canopy.

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Sebenzisa ama-Dehumidifiers kanye Nokushisisa Lapho Kudingeka

Kwesinye isikhathi, ukugeleza komoya akwanele - ikakhulukazi ezikhathini ezibandayo noma ezimanzi. Ama-Dehumidifiers adonsa umswakama emoyeni ngokuqondile.

Hlanganisa nokushisisa ukuze:

Vimbela ukuminyanisa ezindongeni ze-greenhouse noma ophahleni

Khuthaza ukuphefumula okuvela ezitshalweni

Gcina i-RH eqinile cishe ngo-70-80%

Ezimweni zezulu ezisenyakatho, ukushisa kabusha umoya opholile wasebusuku kuvimbela inkungu namazolo ekuseni - izimbangela ezimbili ezinkulu zokuqubuka kwesikhunta.

Izindlu zokugcina izithombo zesimanje zivame ukuxhumanisa izinto eziqeda umswakama nezifudumezi kumakhompyutha wesimo sezulu ukuze zilawuleke ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Isinyathelo sesi-5: Gwema Izicupho Zokuswakama Ezifihlekile

Akuwona wonke umswakama ovela ezindaweni ezisobala.

Qaphela:

Itshe elimanzi noma indawo ephansi

Izitshalo eziminyene zivimba ukugeleza komoya

Izinqwaba zemfucumfucu yezinto eziphilayo noma izindwangu zomthunzi omanzi

Amapayipi avuzayo noma amapayipi

Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile, ukuhlanza, nokuhlukanisa izitshalo kusiza ukwehlisa umswakama "izindawo ezishisayo."

Indawo ebamba ukushisa eVietnam yashintsha imboza yepulasitiki ngendwangu yokhula ephefumulayo futhi yasika i-RH yayo ngo-15% emiseleni ephansi.

Isinyathelo 6: Hlanganisa Nezinye Izinqubo Ze-IPM

Ukulawula umswakama kuyingxenye eyodwa nje yokuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo. Ukuze uthole ukuvikelwa okugcwele, yihlanganise ne:

Inetha lezinambuzane ukuvimba izinambuzane ukuthi zingangeni

Izicupho ezinamathelayo zokuqapha izinambuzane ezindizayo

Izilawuli zebhayoloji (njengezimbuzane ezidla ezinye noma isikhunta esizuzisayo)

Ukuhlanza njalo nokuthena izitshalo

Le ndlela ephelele igcina i-greenhouse yakho inempilo - futhi inciphisa ukuthembela kwakho kuma-fungicides noma izibulala-zinambuzane.

I-Chengfei Greenhouse ihlanganisa ukulawulwa komswakamo esu labo le-IPM ngokuklama amayunithi emodular anokungenisa komoya okwakhelwe ngaphakathi, ukugeleza kwamanzi, nezinhlu zezinzwa - iqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama uhlala uqinile kusukela phansi kuya phezulu.

Ukugcina le bhalansi kugcina izitshalo zakho zikhula ziqinile - futhi izinambuzane nesikhunta zingekho.