Ezolimo zanamuhla, ama-greenhouse ahlinzeka ngaphezu kokufudumala nje - anikela ngezimo zokukhanya ezilawulwayo ezibalulekile ekukhuleni kwezitshalo. Ukuvezwa okufanele kokukhanya kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni i-photosynthesis, okuvuselela isivuno sesilimo. Kepha singasiguqula kanjani izimo ezikhanyayo ngaphakathi ku-greenhouse ukudala indawo efanelekile yezitshalo? Ake sihlole izindlela ezisemqoka zokuphatha ukukhanya futhi siqinisekise ukuthi izilimo zikhula ngezimo ezinhle kakhulu.
1. Qonda izidingo zokukhanya kwezilimo zakho
Izilimo ezahlukahlukene zidinga amazinga ahlukile wokukhanya. Isibonelo, izilimo ezifana notamatisi kanye nopelepele bachuma ezindaweni ezinelanga, lapho ukukhanya okukhanyayo kusheshisa ukukhula kwabo nge-photosynthesis. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imifino enamaqabunga efana ne-lettuce nesipinashi idinga ukukhanya kepha ingahlushwa ukushisa kwamaqabunga uma kuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukulungisa ubukhulu bokukhanya ku-greenhouse kususelwa kwizidingo ezithile zesilimo ngasinye. Lokhu kusiza ukuvikela okungajwayelekile noma okuvelele ngokweqile, zombili ezingavimba ukukhula.
2. Izinto ezibonakalayo zithinta ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya
Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha ama-greenhouse zidlala indima enkulu ekutholeni ukukhanya okuthe xaxa. Izithombo zokugcina izibuko zaziwa ngokudluliswa kwazo okuhle kakhulu kokukhanya, okuvumela ukukhanya kwelanga ukuthi kuhlungelwe futhi kudale indawo efanelekile yezilimo ezidinga ukukhanya kwelanga. Kodwa-ke, amaphaneli e-polycarbonate noma amafilimu epulasitiki, ngenkathi enikeza ukukhanya okuncane, angcono ekuvuseleleni, okubenza balungele isimo sezulu esibandayo.
Ukukhetha izinto ezifanele kubalulekile ekulinganiseni amazinga okukhanya ngokulawulwa kokushisa. Ezifundeni ezinokukhanya kwelanga okukhulu, abamba ukushisa ngokuhanjiswa okuphezulu kuyazuzisa. Kumakhambi andayo, kusetshenziswa izinto zokwakha ezinokuhanjiswa okuphansi kodwa ukufakwa okungcono kungasiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa lizinzile ngenkathi linikeza ukukhanya okwanele.
Izithombo zokugcina izithombo ze-Chengfei, Neminyaka yobuchwepheshe ezokukhiqiza abamba ukushisa, inikeza izixazululo ezenziwe ngemfanelo ezibheka ukudluliswa okukhanyayo nokufakelwa, ukuqinisekisa izimo ezikhulayo eziphezulu zezilimo ezahlukahlukene.
3. Sebenzisa ukukhanyisa okwenziwe ukuze ungeze ukukhanya kwemvelo
Ngezinkathi zonyaka ezinokukhanya okunganele, njengezinsuku zobusika noma izinsuku ezingamafu, ukukhanya kwemvelo kungenzeka kungahlangabezani nezidingo zezilimo zakho. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukukhanyisa okungeziwe kungasiza. I-LED ikhulisa izibani, amalambu we-fluorescent, nezinye izinhlelo zokukhanyisa zokufakelwa zinganikeza ukukhanya okudingekayo kwe-photosynthesis, ukusiza izitshalo zigcina izinga lokukhula kwalo.
Ukukhanyisa okufakelwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi izilimo zithola amazinga wokukhanya angaguquki ngisho nasemini, ezinsukwini eziningi, ukuvimbela isivuno esincishisiwe ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuntuleka kokukhanya.
4. Phatha imijikelezo ekhanyayo ukulawula izigaba zokukhula
Umjikelezo okhanyayo ubhekisa kunani lesikhathi isitshalo esivezwa ukukhanya nsuku zonke. Izitshalo ezahlukahlukene zinezidingo ezihlukile zokukhanya. Izitshalo zosuku olude, ngokwesibonelo, zidinga amahora amaningi wokukhanya ukuze uqedele umjikelezo wazo wokukhula, kanti izitshalo ezifundwayo zidinga ukukhanya okuncane.
Ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zanamuhla, izinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo zingalawula ukuvezwa kokukhanya ngokuya ngezidingo zesitshalo. Ngokushintsha isikhathi sokuvezwa kokukhanya, ama-greenhouse angakhulisa izigaba zokukhula kwezilimo, ezinjengezimbali nezithelo, okuholela ezivunweni eziphakeme nezitshalo ezinempilo.
5. Izinhlelo ezithuthukile zokukhanyisa zokulungiswa okusebenzayo
Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, ama-greenhouse amaningi aphezulu anobuchwepheshe obuphakeme manje afaka izinhlelo zokukhanyisa ezihlakaniphile ezilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ubukhulu bokukhanya nokusatshalaliswa ngaphakathi kohoba. Lezi zinhlelo zifaka ama-shade amanetha, amafilimu akhombisa, namakhethini aguqukayo, wonke aklanyelwe ukuphendula izinguquko ezimeni zokukhanya zangaphandle.
Lezi zinhlelo zisiza ukugcina amazinga aphezulu okukhanya ku-greenhouse, eqinisekisa ukuthi izilimo azivezwanga ezimotweni zokushintshashintsha ezishintshashintshayo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezulu esinamafu noma semvula.
6. Izici zangaphandle: isimo sezulu kanye nezinguquko zesizini
Izici zangaphandle, ezinjengesimo sezulu kanye nezinguquko zesizini, nazo zithinta izimo zokukhanya ngaphakathi kwabamba ukushisa. Ezinsukwini ezingamafu noma ngesikhathi sezulu esinemvula, ubukhulu bokukhanya kwemvelo buyancipha. Ebusika, i-angle yelanga iphansi, okuphumela ekukhanyeni okubi.
Yilapho ukwakheka kwe-greenhouse nezinhlelo zalo zokulawula ukukhanya zingena. Ngokufaka amasistimu wokushisa kanye nokukhanyisa okungeziwe, ama-greenhouse angakha indawo ezinzile yezilimo ngisho nangebusika noma ezifundeni ezinokukhanya kwelanga okulinganiselwe.
Ngokuphatha izimo zokukhanya ngempumelelo, ama-greenhouse angadala indawo ekhulayo ekhulayo yezilimo, okuholela ekutheni kube sezingeni eliphakeme kanye nemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme. Ukuthi ngokukhetha izinto ezifanele, usebenzisa ukukhanyisa okwenziwe nge-automatic, noma ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe ezenzakalelayo, indlela efanele yokuphathwa kokukhanya ingenza umehluko omkhulu ekukhiqizweni kwezitshalo.
Uyemukelwa ukuze ube nengxoxo eyengeziwe nathi.
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Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-05-2025
