Ukuqhuba i-greenhouse kungazwakala njengempi eqhubekayo - uyatshala, uyanisela, uyalinda… bese kuthi kungazelelwe, izitshalo zakho ziyahlaselwa. Ama-aphid, thrips, whiteflies - izinambuzane zivela ngaphandle, futhi kubonakala sengathi ukufafaza amakhemikhali kuwukuphela kwendlela yokuhambisana.
Kodwa kuthiwani uma kukhona indlela engcono?
I-Integrated Pest Management (IPM) iyindlela ehlakaniphile, eqhubekayo ekusiza ukuthi ulawule izinambuzane ngaphandle kokuthembela ekusebenziseni izibulala-zinambuzane njalo. Akukhona mayelana nokusabela - kumayelana nokuvimbela. Futhi iyasebenza.
Ake sihambe kumasu abalulekile, amathuluzi, nezinqubo ezihamba phambili ezenza i-IPM ibe isikhali sakho esiyimfihlo se-greenhouse.
Iyini i-IPM futhi Kungani Ihlukile?
I-IPM imeleUkulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Okudidiyelwe. Kuyindlela esekelwe kwisayensi ehlanganisa amasu amaningi okugcina inani lezinambuzane lingaphansi kwamazinga alimazayo - kuyilapho kunciphisa ukulimala kwabantu, izitshalo, kanye nemvelo.
Esikhundleni sokufinyelela amakhemikhali kuqala, i-IPM igxile ekuqondeni ukuziphatha kwezinambuzane, ukuqinisa impilo yezitshalo, nokusebenzisa izitha zemvelo ukuze kugcinwe ibhalansi. Kucabange njengokuphatha i-ecosystem - hhayi nje ukubulala izimbungulu.
Kwenye indlu ebamba ukushisa e-Netherlands, ukushintshela ku-IPM kwehlise ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ngo-70%, kwathuthukisa ukuqina kwezitshalo, futhi kwaheha abathengi abaqaphela imvelo.
Isinyathelo 1: Qaphela futhi Uhlonze Izinambuzane kusenesikhathi
Awukwazi ukulwa nalokho ongakuboni. I-IPM esebenzayo iqala ngokuthiukuhlola okuvamile. Lokhu kusho ukuhlola izitshalo zakho, izicupho ezinamathelayo, nezindawo zokukhula ukuze uthole izimpawu zokuqala zenkinga.
Ongakubheka:
Ukushintsha umbala, ukugoqa, noma izimbobo emaqabunga
Izinsalela ezinamathelayo (ngokuvamile zishiywa ama-aphid noma izimpukane ezimhlophe)
Izinambuzane ezindala zibanjwe ezicupheni ezinamathelayo eziphuzi noma eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Sebenzisa isibonakhulu esiphathwa ngesandla noma ingilazi yokukhulisa ukuze ubone izinhlobo zezinambuzane. Ukwazi ukuthi ubhekene nezinsensane zesikhunta noma ama-thrips kukusiza ukuthi ukhethe indlela yokulawula efanele.
E-Chengfei Greenhouse, ama-scouts aqeqeshiwe asebenzisa amathuluzi edijithali okwenza imephu yezinambuzane ukuze alandelele ukuqubuka ngesikhathi sangempela, okusiza abalimi ukuthi baphendule ngokushesha nangobuhlakani.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Vimbela Izinambuzane Ngaphambi Kokufika
Ukuvimbela kuyinsika ye-IPM. Izitshalo ezinempilo kanye nezindawo ezihlanzekile azikhangi kangako ezinambuzaneni.
Izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuvimbela:
Faka amanetha ezinambuzane kuma-vents nasezicabheni
Sebenzisa amasistimu okungena aneminyango emibili ukuze ukhawulele ukufinyelela kwezinambuzane
Gcina ukugeleza komoya okuhle futhi ugweme ukuchelela ngokweqile
Amathuluzi okubulala amagciwane futhi ukhiphe imfucumfucu yezitshalo njalo
Ukukhetha izinhlobo zezitshalo ezimelana nezinambuzane nakho kuyasiza. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-cucumber zikhiqiza uboya bamaqabunga obuvimbela izimpukane ezimhlophe, kanti izinhlobo ezithile zikatamatisi azithandeki kangako kuma-aphid.
Indawo ebamba ukushisa eSpain ihlanganise ukuhlolwa kokuvikela izinambuzane, ukulawula isimo sezulu okuzenzakalelayo, nezindawo zokugezela zezinyawo ezindaweni zokungena - kunciphisa ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane ezingaphezu kwama-50%.
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Sebenzisa Izilawuli Zebhayoloji
Esikhundleni samakhemikhali, i-IPM incike kuwoizitha zemvelo. Lezi izinambuzane ezizuzisayo noma izinto eziphilayo ezidla izinambuzane ngaphandle kokulimaza izitshalo zakho.
Izilawuli zebhayoloji ezidumile zifaka:
Aphidius colemani: umuvi omncane obulala izintwala
I-Phytoseiulus persimilis: insangu edla izibungu zesicabucabu
I-Encarsia formosa: ukuhlasela i-whitefly larvaeUkukhipha isikhathi kuyisihluthulelo. Yethula izilwane ezidla ezinye kusenesikhathi, kuyilapho izinombolo zezinambuzane zisephansi. Abahlinzeki abaningi manje banikeza "amabhokisi ezinto eziphilayo" - amayunithi apakishwe ngaphambilini enza ukukhulula okuwusizo kube lula, ngisho nakubalimi abancane.
E-Canada, umlimi othengisa utamatisi othengisayo uhlanganise iminyovu ye-Encarsia nezitshalo zasebhange ukuze kugcinwe izimpukane ezimhlophe kumahektha amabili - ngaphandle kwesifutho esisodwa sokubulala izinambuzane isizini yonke.
Isinyathelo sesi-4: Kugcine Kuhlanzekile
Inhlanzeko isiza ukunqamula umjikelezo wempilo yezinambuzane. Izinambuzane zibekela amaqanda emhlabathini, emfucumfucwini, nasezitshalweni. Ukugcina i-greenhouse yakho icocekile kwenza kube nzima ukuthi babuye.
Imikhuba emihle kakhulu:
Susa ukhula nezitshalo ezindala ezindaweni ezikhulayo
Hlanza amabhentshi, phansi, namathuluzi ngezibulali magciwane ezithambile
Zungezisa izitshalo futhi ugweme ukutshala isilimo esifanayo endaweni efanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe
Vala izitshalo ezintsha ngaphambi kokuzethula
Amapulazi amaningi abamba ukushisa manje ahlela “izinsuku zokuhlanzeka” zamasonto onke njengengxenye yohlelo lwawo lwe-IPM, abela amaqembu ahlukahlukene ukuba agxile ekukhucululeni indle, ukuhlola, nokunakekela izicupho.
Isinyathelo sesi-5: Sebenzisa Amakhemikhali - Ngokuhlakanipha Futhi Kancane
I-IPM ayiziqedi izibulala-zinambuzane - izisebenzisa kuphelanjengendlela yokugcina, futhi ngokunemba.
Khetha imikhiqizo enobuthi obuphansi, ekhethayo eqondise ezinambuzaneni kodwa engeza izinambuzane eziwusizo. Shintshanisa njalo izithako ezisebenzayo ukuvimbela ukumelana. Faka isicelo kuma-hotspots kuphela, hhayi i-greenhouse yonke.
Ezinye izinhlelo ze-IPM zihlanganisaama-biopesticides, njengamafutha e-neem noma imikhiqizo esekelwe ku-Bacillus, esebenza ngobumnene futhi ephuka ngokushesha endaweni ezungezile.
E-Australia, umlimi oyedwa wolethisi ubike ukuthi wonga u-40% ezindlekweni zamakhemikhali ngemva kokushintshela kuzifutho ezihlosiwe kuphela lapho imingcele yezinambuzane yeqiwe.
Isinyathelo sesi-6: Rekhoda, Buyekeza, Phinda
Alukho uhlelo lwe-IPM oluqediwe ngaphandleukugcinwa kwamarekhodi. Landelela ukubona izinambuzane, izindlela zokwelapha, izinsuku zokukhishwa kwezinzuzo, kanye nemiphumela.
Le datha ikusiza ukuthi ubone amaphethini, ulungise amasu, futhi uhlele kusengaphambili. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-greenhouse yakho iba namandla kakhulu - futhi izinkinga zakho zezinambuzane ziba zincane.
Abalimi abaningi manje basebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone noma izinkundla ezisekelwe efwini ukuze baloge abakubonile futhi bakhiqize amashejuli okwelashwa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Kungani i-IPM Isebenzela Abalimi Banamuhla
I-IPM ayigcini nje ngokulawula izinambuzane - iyindlela yokulima ngobuhlakani. Ngokugxila ekuvimbeleni, ekubhaleni, nasezinqumweni eziqhutshwa yidatha, i-IPM yenza indawo yakho yokushisa isebenze kahle kakhudlwana, izimeme kakhudlwana, futhi ibe nenzuzo eyengeziwe.
Iphinde ivule iminyango ezimakethe ze-premium. Izitifiketi eziningi ze-organic zidinga izindlela ze-IPM. Abathengi abaqaphela imvelo bavame ukukhetha umkhiqizo otshalwe ngamakhemikhali ambalwa - futhi bazimisele ukukukhokhela kakhulu.
Kusukela ezindlini zokugcina izithombo zemindeni ezincane kuya emapulazini ahlakaniphile ezimboni, i-IPM isiba indinganiso entsha.
Ulungele ukuyeka ukujaha izinambuzane futhi uqale ukuzilawula ngobuhlakani? I-IPM iyikusasa — neyakhoi-greenhousekuyakufanelekela.
Siyakwamukela ukuba nengxoxo eyengeziwe nathi.
I-imeyili:Lark@cfgreenhouse.com
Ucingo:+86 19130604657
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-25-2025
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