Ngokudlondlobala kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke, ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo kubhekene nezinselelo eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo njengeMalaysia, lapho ukungaqiniseki kwesimo sezulu kuba nomthelela omubi kwezolimo. Ama-greenhouses, njengekhambi lesimanje lezolimo, ahlose ukuhlinzeka ngendawo ekhulayo elawulwayo, ethuthukisa ukukhula kahle kwezitshalo kanye nesivuno. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwezinzuzo ezicacile zezindawo zokugcina izithombo ekuguquleni isimo sezulu kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezolimo, iMalaysia isabhekene nezinselelo eziningi ekusetshenzisweni kwayo.
Izindleko Eziphezulu Zokwakha Nezokulungisa
Ukwakha nokugcina ama-greenhouses kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu. Kubalimi abaningi abasafufusa, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kokuqala kungaba yisithiyo ekwamukelweni kobuchwepheshe. Noma besekelwa uhulumeni kanye noxhaso, abalimi abaningi bahlala beqaphile mayelana nokutshala imali ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, besaba izikhathi ezinde zokubuyisela izindleko. Kulo mongo, ukulawula izindleko kubalulekile kulabo abafuna ukutshala imali ekwakhiweni kwe-greenhouse. Lezi zindleko zifaka phakathi intengo ye-greenhouse kanye nezindleko zokuyilungisa ezilandelayo. Kuphela ngezindleko zokunakekela eziphansi lapho isikhathi sokubuyisela singafinyezwa; ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzokwelulwa.
Ukuntula Ulwazi Lobuchwepheshe
Ukuphatha kahle izindawo zokugcina izithombo kudinga izinga elithile lolwazi lobuchwepheshe bezolimo, okuhlanganisa ukulawula isimo sezulu, ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamanzi ngokwesayensi. Abalimi abaningi, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuqeqeshwa okudingekayo kanye nemfundo, abakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe zezindlu zokugcina izithombo. Ukwengeza, ngaphandle kokusekelwa okufanele kwezobuchwepheshe, ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu kanye nokugcinwa kwezitshalo ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse kungase kuhlangabezane nezinkinga, ezithinta imiphumela yokukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, ukufunda ulwazi lobuchwepheshe bezolimo oluhlobene nezindawo zokugcina izithombo kanye nokwazi izinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokukhanya okudingekayo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo kubalulekile ukuze kwandiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezindlu zokugcina izithombo.
Izimo Zezulu Ezidlulele
Nakuba izindawo zokugcina izithombo zinganciphisa umthelela wezindawo zangaphandle ezitshalweni, izimo zezulu eziyingqayizivele zaseMalaysia, njengamazinga okushisa aphezulu, umswakama ophezulu, kanye nemvula enamandla, zisabangela izinselele ekukhiqizeni indawo ebamba ukushisa. Izehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu zingenza kube nzima ukulawula izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse, kuthinte impilo yezitshalo. Amazinga okushisa aseMalaysia asukela ku-23°C kuya ku-33°C unyaka wonke, akuvamile ukwehla ngaphansi kuka-21°C noma akhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-35°C. Ukwengeza, imvula yonyaka isukela ku-1500mm kuya ku-2500mm, enomswakama ophezulu. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakama eMalaysia ngempela kuyinselele ekwakhiweni kwe-greenhouse. Indlela yokuthuthukisa idizayini ngenkathi kukhulunywa ngezinkinga zezindleko kuyisihloko lesoabaklami be-greenhouse nabakhiqiziisidingo sokuqhubeka nokucwaninga.
Izinsiza Ezinomkhawulo
Ukusatshalaliswa kwemithombo yamanzi e-Malaysia akufani, kunomehluko omkhulu ekutholakaleni kwamanzi ahlanzekile ezifundeni zonke. Izindlu ezibamba ukushisa zidinga ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okuzinzile nokuqhubekayo, kodwa kwezinye izindawo ezintula imithombo yamanzi, ukutholwa nokuphathwa kwamanzi kungase kubangele izinselele emkhiqizweni wezolimo. Ukwengeza, ukuphathwa kwezakhi kuyindaba ebaluleke kakhulu, futhi ukuntuleka kwamasu okulima asebenzayo noma okungenamhlaba kungathinta ukukhula kwezitshalo. Ekubhekaneni nokulinganiselwa kwemithombo yamanzi, iShayina ithuthukise ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe, njengokuphathwa kwamanzi okudidiyelwe kanye nomanyolo kanye nokunisela okonga amanzi. Lezi zindlela zingandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngenkathi zinikeza ukuchelela okunembayo ngokusekelwe ezigabeni zokukhula ezihlukene zezitshalo.
Ukufinyelela Emakethe Neziteshi Zokuthengisa
Nakuba izindawo zokugcina izithombo zingathuthukisa ikhwalithi yezitshalo, ukufinyelela ezimakethe nokusungula iziteshi ezizinzile zokuthengisa kuhlala kuyinselele enkulu kubalimi abancane. Uma imikhiqizo yezolimo etshalwayo ingeke ithengiswe ngesikhathi, ingaholela emalini eningi kanye nokulahlekelwa. Ngakho-ke, ukwakha inethiwekhi yezimakethe ezinzile kanye nohlelo lwezokuthutha kubalulekile ukuze kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo izindawo zokugcina izithombo.
Ukwesekwa Kwenqubomgomo Okungenele
Nakuba uhulumeni waseMalaysia wethule izinqubomgomo zokweseka ezolimo zesimanje ngokwezinga elithile, ukufakwa nokujula kwalezi zinqubomgomo kumele kuqiniswe. Abanye abalimi bangase bangalutholi ukusekelwa okudingekayo, okuhlanganisa ukuxhaswa ngezimali, ukuqeqeshwa kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokukhuthazwa kwemakethe, okukhawulela ukwamukelwa okusabalele kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo.
Ukusekelwa Kwedatha
Ngokwemininingwane yakamuva, inani labantu abaqashwe kwezolimo eMalaysia lilinganiselwa ezigidini eziyi-1.387. Kodwa-ke, inani labalimi abasebenzisa izindlu zokugcina izithombo lincane, ligxile kakhulu emabhizinisini amakhulu ezolimo kanye namaphrojekthi asekelwa uhulumeni. Nakuba idatha ethile kubasebenzisi be-greenhouse ingacacile, kulindeleke ukuthi le nombolo izokhula kancane kancane ngokukhuthazwa kobuchwepheshe nokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo.
Isiphetho
Ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo eMalaysia kunikeza amathuba amasha okukhiqiza ezolimo, ikakhulukazi ekuguquleni isimo sezulu kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke, ebhekene nezindleko eziphakeme, ukuntuleka kolwazi lobuchwepheshe, izimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, nezinselele zokufinyelela emakethe, uhulumeni, amabhizinisi, kanye nezikhungo ezihlobene nazo zidinga ukusebenzisana ukuze kuthuthukiswe intuthuko esimeme yezindlu ezibamba ukushisa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthuthukisa imfundo nokuqeqeshwa kwabalimi, ukuthuthukisa ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo, ukukhuthaza ukuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe, nokwakha ingqalasizinda yezimakethe, ekugcineni kuzuzwe ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo okuzinzile nokusebenza kahle.
Siyakwamukela ukuba nengxoxo eyengeziwe nathi.
I-imeyili:info@cfgreenhouse.com
Ucingo: (0086) 13550100793
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-12-2024
