Izindaba - Yiziphi Izinkinga Zezindawo Zokushisa? Izinselelo Okufanele Uzazi Ngazo

Ama-greenhouse adlala indima ebalulekile kwezolimo zesimanje. Banikeza izitshalo indawo elawulwayo, efudumele, ezivumela ukuthi zikhule kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Kodwa-ke, ama-greenhouses awalungile. Njengochwepheshe bezolimo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukulinganiselwa kwabo. Ake sibheke izinselelo ezihambisana nokulima kwe-greenhouse.

1. Izindleko Zokuqala Eziphezulu

Ukwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ozimele bensimbi, ingilazi noma amakhava epulasitiki, noma amasistimu okulawula okuzenzakalelayo, zonke lezi zici zinomthelela ezindlekweni eziphezulu zokusethwa kwe-greenhouse. Emapulazini amancane noma amabhizinisi ezolimo aqalayo, lokhu kungaba umthwalo omkhulu wezezimali. Ukwengeza, izindleko zokulondoloza ziyaqhubeka, ikakhulukazi ezindlini zokugcina izingilazi, ezivame ukulimala ngenxa yomoya nemvula, kanye nezindawo zokugcina izithombo ezimbozwe ngepulasitiki, ezidinga ukushintshwa njalo kwezinto zefilimu. Lezi zindleko ezengeziwe zenza izindawo zokugcina izithombo zibe inketho ebizayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

2. Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Okuphezulu

Izindlu ezibamba ukushisa zidinga amandla amaningi ukuze kugcinwe isimo sangaphakathi esizinzile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezibandayo. Ebusika, amasistimu okushisa kufanele asebenze njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izitshalo zivikelekile emakhazeni. Ezifundeni ezibandayo, izindleko zamandla zingenza u-30% kuya ku-40% wesamba sezindleko zokukhiqiza. Lokhu kuthembela kakhulu emandleni akukhulisi nje kuphela izindleko zokusebenza kodwa futhi kwenza izindawo zokugcina izithombo zibe sengozini yokuguquguquka kwamanani kagesi, okungaba nomthelela ekusimameni kokukhiqizwa kwezolimo.

3. Ukuncika Kubuchwepheshe Nokuphatha Okuyinkimbinkimbi

Izindlu zokugcina izithombo zesimanje zithembele kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezizenzakalelayo zokulawula izinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukunisela, namazinga okukhanya. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphatha i-greenhouse kudinga izinga eliphezulu lolwazi lobuchwepheshe. Uma izinhlelo zingaphathwa ngendlela efanele, kungenzeka ukungalingani kwemvelo, okungaba nomthelela omubi ekukhuleni kwezitshalo. Abaphathi be-Greenhouse kumele bajwayele ulwazi lwezolimo kanye nobuchwepheshe ukuze baqinisekise ukusebenza kahle, okwenza inqubo yokuphatha ibe nzima kakhulu futhi idinga ukufunda okuqhubekayo.

4. Umthelela Wokuguquguquka Kwesimo Sezulu

Nakuba izindawo zokugcina izithombo zingalawula imvelo yangaphakathi, zisesengozini yezimo zezulu zangaphandle. Izehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, njengeziphepho, iqhwa, noma amaza okushisa, zingabeka inani elikhulu lokucindezeleka ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Isibonelo, imimoya enamandla neqhwa elinamandla kungalimaza isakhiwo, kuyilapho ukushisa okukhulu kungase kugcwalise kakhulu isistimu ye-air conditioning, okuholela emazingeni okushisa aphakeme ngendlela engathandeki elimaza izitshalo. Ngisho noma izindawo zokugcina izithombo ziklanywe kucatshangwa ukuthi zimelana nomoya, azikwazi ukuvikela izitshalo ngokuphelele ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu ngokungalindelekile.

5. Izinselele Zokuvunda Kwenhlabathi

Ukulima kwe-greenhouse, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhula izitshalo emhlabathini, kungaholela ekuncipheni komsoco ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukutshala okune-high-density kudla imisoco yenhlabathi njenge-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potassium ngokushesha, kunciphisa ukuvunda komhlabathi. Uma ukuphathwa kwenhlabathi kungaphathwa kahle, isivuno sezitshalo kanye nekhwalithi kungaba sengozini. Ngenkathi izinhlelo ze-hydroponic kanye nezinhlelo zokukhula kancane kwenhlabathi zisiza ukunciphisa lolu daba, ziza nesethi yazo yezinselelo, njengesidingo semishini ekhethekile nendawo.

6. Izinkinga Zokulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo

Nakuba indawo elawulwayo ye-greenhouse inganciphisa ukungena kwezinambuzane ngaphandle, uma izinambuzane noma izifo sezingenile, zingasakazeka ngokushesha. Izindlu ezibamba ukushisa azinazo izilwane ezidla ezinye zemvelo, okusho ukuthi ukulawula izinambuzane kuba nzima kakhulu. Uma izinambuzane noma izifo zingabhekwana nazo ngokushesha, zingabhubhisa izitshalo ngokushesha, okuholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu. Abaphathi be-greenhouse kumele bahlale beqapha izinambuzane nezifo, okudinga isikhathi esiningi nomzamo

7. Ukusetshenziswa Kwendawo Okulinganiselwe

Isikhala esingaphakathi kwe-greenhouse, ngenkathi sinikeza indawo ekhulayo efanelekile, singaba nomkhawulo. Ezitshalweni ezidinga indawo eyengeziwe, njengamakhabe noma amathanga, indawo etholakalayo ingase inganeli. Ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ezinkulu, ukukhulisa isikhala kuba yinkinga ebalulekile. Ukuthi indawo esetshenziswa kahle kangakanani inomthelela ekuvunweni kwezitshalo. Amasu afana nokulima okuqondile noma ukutshala okunezigaba eziningi kungakhuphula ukusetshenziswa kwendawo, kodwa lezi zinhlelo nazo zidinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela kanye nemishini efanele ukuze isebenze kahle.