Izindaba - Yimiphi imiklamo eluhlaza kakhulu ebamba ukushisa futhi kungani zibalulekile?

Izithombo zokugcina izithombo ziyitshe lezolimo zanamuhla, zisenza sikwazi ukujabulela imifino nezithelo unyaka wonke. Kepha yini eqala ukuklama abamba ukushisa? Yini eyenza eminye imiklamo ithathwe kakhulu kunabanye? Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola imiklamo eluhlaza osetshenziswa kakhulu yokuvikela ama-greenhouse nokuthi bavela kanjani ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zezolimo zesikhathi esizayo.

Kungani izithombo zokugcina izithombo zibaluleke kangaka?

Emgogodleni wayo, abamba ukushisa yindawo elawulwayo evumela izitshalo ukuthi zichume ngaphandle kwezimo zezulu zangaphandle. Noma ngabe ubusika obukholwayo beScandinavia noma ukushisa okukhulu kogwadule, ama-greenhouse adala izimo ezifanele ukukhula kwezitshalo ngokulawula izinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokukhanya. Lokhu kuvumela ukulinyelwa unyaka wonke, kunikeza umthombo othembekile wokudla noma ngabe inkathi.

Thatha i-Netherlands, ngokwesibonelo. Yaziwa ngamasu ayo okulima abamba ukushisa okuthuthukile, izwe libekele amazinga omhlaba wokukhulisa izivuno zezitshalo ngenkathi linciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Indlela yabo ikhombisa ukuthi izithombo zokugcina izithombo zibaluleke kangakanani epulazini lanamuhla, elizinzile.

Yimiphi imidwebo evame kakhulu ukushisa?

Ngenkathi wonke ama-greenhouse design anezinzuzo zawo ezihlukile, eminye imiklamo isiphenduke indinganiso yezilungiselelo zezolimo emhlabeni jikelele. Ake sibheke okuthandwa kakhulu:

1. Izithombo zokugcina izithombo: Ukukhetha kwakudala

Izithombo zokugcina izithombo ze-arched zibonisa ukwakheka okugobile, okunamakhambi, okwenza basebenze kakhulu ekuphatheni iqhwa nomoya. Lo mklamo usiza ukusabalalisa ingcindezi ngokulinganayo, ukuvimbela ukulimala kweqhwa elinamandla noma imimoya enamandla. Ukwakheka kwe-arched kubuye kuthuthukise ukusakazwa komoya okungcono, ukunciphisa ubungozi bokubumba nobumba.
Ezimweni ezibandayo zezulu njengeFinland, lolu hlobo lwe-greenhouse lusetshenziswa kabanzi, luhlinzeka ngendawo ezinzile yezilimo ngesikhathi sobusika obunzima. Izithombo zokugcina izithombo zeChengfei nazo zamukela isakhiwo esifanayo, zenzelwe ukubekezelela isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu ngohlaka lwayo oluqinile oludlula eqhweni nasekuphihlweni komoya.

2. Izithombo zokugcina izithombo: ukukhulisa isikhala

I-a-greenhouse ye-A-Frame inezinhlangothi ezihlanzekile ezihlangana ngenani eliphakeme phezulu. Lo mklamo usiza ukuchitha iqhwa nemvula, ukuvimbela ukuqongelela okungalimaza isakhiwo. Isimo esingunxantathu futhi sikhulisa isikhala sangaphakathi, ukwenza ngcono umoya kanye nokungena kokukhanya.
Ilungele ukusebenza kwemisebenzi emikhulu yokulima, izindawo zokugcina izithombo zezinhlaka ze-A-Frame zidumile ngokukhula kwezilimo eziphezulu ziveza imifino nezithelo. Idizayini ayigcini nje ngokukhulisa isikhala kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukubekezelela kahle isimo sezulu esibi, okwenza kube ukukhetha kwabalimi abaningi.

3. Lean-to greenhouse: elula futhi esebenza kahle

I-lean-to greenhouse ifaka ophahleni olulodwa olunciphile oluncika odongeni. Kuyindlela esebenzayo ebiza kakhulu, ilungele ukulima okuncane noma ukulima ingadi yedolobha. Uphahla lubhekene nesiqondisi esivaliwe, oluvumela ukuthi luhlanganise isibani semvelo kahle.
Lo mklamo ulungele abahlali basemadolobheni abanesikhala esilinganiselwe, njengalabo abasebenzisa ophahleni lwensimu. Ukulula kwe-Lean-to Greenhouse kwenza kube yisixazululo esingabizi futhi esisebenzayo sezolimo zasemadolobheni.

4. Izithombo zokugcina izindlu eziningi

Ama-green-swirnish ama-span aqukethe amayunithi ambalwa axhunyiwe abamba ukushisa, akha indawo enkulu kakhulu ekhulayo. Lezi zinhlaka zenzelwe ukwaba izindonga ezijwayelekile, ukunciphisa izindleko zokwakha. Isakhiwo futhi sisiza ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla, njengoba ama-greenhouse amaningi angabelana ngezinhlelo zokushisa nezinphonli, ukuzenza zilungele ukulima okukhulu kwezentengiso.
Lo mklamo uphumelela ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kwemifino, njengotamatisi kanye namakhukhamba, lapho imvelo eqinile nelawulwa khona ibalulekile ukuze kugcinwe isivuno esikhulu.

Ngabe ikusasa libambeni?

Izithombo zokugcina izithombo ziyavela, futhi ikusasa libukeka lihlakaniphile, liluhlaza, futhi lisebenza kangcono. Ubuchwepheshe obusha benza ama-greenhouses awawona akhiqize kakhudlwana kodwa futhi amemeze.

1. I-Smart GreenHouses: ukusebenza kahle kokuhle kakhulu

Ama-Smart Greenhouse asebenzisa izinzwa nezinhlelo ezenzakalelayo ukuqapha futhi alungise imvelo yangaphakathi ngesikhathi sangempela. Ukusuka emazingeni okushisa nasemswakama kuya emazingeni akhanyayo, lezi zinhlelo ziqinisekisa izimo eziphelele zokukhula kwezitshalo. Nge-automation endaweni, lezi zindawo zokugcina izithombo zinciphisa isidingo somsebenzi wezandla, zandisa isivuno, futhi zinciphise imfucuza yezinsiza.

Njengoba umhlaba uqhubekela emikhubeni yokulima esebenza kahle, ama-smartpholi ama-smartphone avela indlela yesikhathi esisha sezolimo.

2. Izithombo zokugcina izithombo ezizinzile: ukulima okuluhlaza kwekusasa

Izithombo zokugcina izithombo zanamuhla zigxila kakhulu ekusimeni. Abaningi bahlanganisa imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo efana namaphaneli elanga nezinhlelo zokufudumeza ze-geothermal ukunciphisa ukuncika emandleni endabuko. Ngokusebenzisa le mithombo evuselelekayo, ama-greenhouse hhayi anciphisa kuphela i-carbon footprint yawo kodwa futhi afinyelele ekwenele amandla.

Ukusimama akusekho nje umkhuba - kuba yisidingo sezenzo zezolimo emhlabeni wonke. Ngemiklamo eqhubekayo, izindawo zokugcina izithombo zihola indlela yokunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo wokukhiqizwa kokudla.

I-3. Ukulima okumile: Ezolimo ezikhaleni zasemadolobheni

Njengoba ukufudunzana kuyaqhubeka ukukhuphuka, isikhala sokulima kwendabuko kuba yindlala. Ukulima okumile kuyikhambi lale nkinga, okuvumela izilimo ukuthi zitshalwe ngezingqimba ezihlanganisiwe. Lezi zindawo zokugcina izithombo eziqonde mpo zisebenzisa isikhala esilinganiselwe, imvamisa ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, futhi zisebenza kahle kakhulu ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kwamanzi nokusetshenziswa komhlaba.

Ukulima okumile kusiza ukuletha ezolimo emuva emadolobheni, okuvumela umkhiqizo omusha, wendawo lapho abantu behlala khona. Le ndlela entsha ingaguqula indlela esicabanga ngayo ngokukhiqizwa kokudla ngokuzayo.

Izinselelo Nezixazululo Ezokulima Abamba ukushisa

Ngenkathi izindawo zokugcina izithombo zinikeza izinzuzo eziningi, nazo ziza nezinselele - ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokulawulwa kwemvelo. Ngenhlanhla, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yenza kube lula ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga. Izithombo eziningi zokugcina izithombo manje zihlanganisa imithombo yamandla evuselelwe kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ezihlakaniphile ukuze zinciphise izindleko futhi zinciphise izintambo zazo zemvelo.

Ngokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, izithombo zokugcina izithombo zanamuhla sezisebenza kahle, zizinzile kakhulu, futhi zilungele kangcono ukufeza izimfuno ezikhulayo zezolimo zomhlaba.