Ama-greenhouses ayingxenye ebalulekile yezolimo zesimanje. Zakha indawo ekahle yezitshalo, ezivumela ukuthi zikhule kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezulu sinjani. Kodwa asebenza kanjani ama-greenhouses? Yini eyenza ziphumelele kangaka ekutshaleni izitshalo? Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi izindawo zokugcina izithombo zinikeza kanjani izimo ezikahle zokuthi izitshalo zikhule, nokuthi kungani zibaluleka kakhulu kwezolimo.
Iyini I-Greenhouse?
I-greenhouse iyisakhiwo esiklanyelwe ukubamba ukukhanya kwelanga nokushisa, okwenza indawo elawulwayo yezitshalo. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngezinto ezibonisa ngale, njengengilazi noma ipulasitiki, evumela ukukhanya kwelanga ukuthi kungene futhi kufudumale ingaphakathi. Inhloso eyinhloko ye-greenhouse ukwakha indawo lapho izinga lokushisa, ukukhanya, umswakama, nezinye izici zingalawulwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwezitshalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo zangaphandle zinjani.
Ngokulawula lezi zinhlobonhlobo, izindawo zokugcina izithombo zivumela izitshalo ukuba zikhule unyaka wonke futhi endaweni ezinzile. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibi noma izinkathi zokukhula ezinomkhawulo.
Asebenza Kanjani Ama-Greenhouses?
1. Ukulawula Ukukhanya: Ukuvumela Ilanga Lenze Umsebenzi Walo
Izitshalo zidinga ukukhanya kwe-photosynthesis, okubalulekile ekukhuleni. Ku-greenhouse, izinto ezibonakalayo ezisetshenziselwa izindonga nophahla zivumela ukukhanya kwelanga kungene, kuyilapho kubamba ukushisa ngokusebenzisa umphumela wokushisa. Ama-greenhouses avame ukuza nezinhlelo ze-shading ezizenzakalelayo ezilungisa inani lokukhanya kwelanga elingena esakhiweni. Ezinsukwini libalele, amanetha amnyama angatshalwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhanya kwelanga, kuyilapho izibani ezengeziwe zingasetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izitshalo zithola ukukhanya okwanele ngezikhathi zamafu.
Lokhu kulawulwa kokukhanya kusiza izitshalo zikhule kahle futhi zichume.
2. Ukulawulwa Kwezinga Lokushisa: Ukwenza Isimo Sezulu siphelele
Izinga lokushisa lingesinye isici esibalulekile empilweni yezitshalo. Izindlu ezibamba ukushisa zisebenzisa izinhlelo zokufudumeza, zokupholisa, nezokungenisa umoya ukuze zilawule izinga lokushisa langaphakathi. Uma kubanda, amasistimu okushisa afana nokushisisa okukhazimulayo kwaphansi noma amapayipi amanzi angagcina indawo ifudumele. Ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo, iziphepheli zokungenisa umoya kanye nezintuba zisetshenziselwa ukupholisa ingaphakathi, ukuvimbela izinga lokushisa ukuba likhuphuke kakhulu futhi kulimaze izitshalo.
Ngokugcina izinga lokushisa elizinzile, izindawo zokugcina izithombo ziqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zikhula endaweni engashisi kakhulu noma ebanda kakhulu.
3. Ukulawula Umswakama: Ukugcina Umoya Ulungile
Umswakama ubaluleke ngokufanayo. Umswakama omningi ungaholela ezifweni zesikhunta, kuyilapho kuncane kakhulu kungabangela ukuthi izitshalo zome.Izindlu ezibamba ukushisa zifakelwe izinhlelo ezilawula umswakama, njengezifudumezi, izihlinzisi, kanye nezinhlelo zokungenisa umoya. Ngokugcina umswakama usezingeni elifanele, ama-greenhouse asiza izitshalo ukuthi zikhule ziqine futhi zikwazi ukumelana nezifo.
Ibhalansi efanele yomswakama nayo inganciphisa ingozi yezinambuzane nezifo, okuyinzuzo enkulu empilweni yezitshalo.
4. Amazinga E-Carbon Dioxide: Ukunikeza Izitshalo Umoya Eziwudingayo
I-carbon dioxide (CO2) ibalulekile ku-photosynthesis. Ku-greenhouse, amazinga e-CO2 ngezinye izikhathi angehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindlu eziningi zokugcina izithombo zifaka izinhlelo zokucebisa i-CO2. Lezi zinhlelo zikhulula i-CO2 eyengeziwe emoyeni, iqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zinele nto eyanele yalesi sici esibalulekile ukuze zikhule kahle. Lokhu kwandisa izinga le-photosynthesis, okuholela ekukhuleni kwezitshalo ngokushesha futhi okunempilo.
Ngokulawula amazinga e-CO2, izindawo zokugcina izithombo zingandisa isivuno sezitshalo kanye namazinga okukhula.
5. Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi Nomsoco: Ukondla Izitshalo Ngendlela Elungile
Izitshalo zidinga amanzi nemisoco ukuze zikhule, futhi izindawo zokugcina izithombo zinikeza indlela ephumelelayo yokuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo. Izinhlelo zokunisela ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ngokuvamile zisebenzisa ama-drip noma ama-sprinkler ukuze zilethe amanani aqondile amanzi ngqo ezitshalweni. Ukwengeza, izindawo zokugcina izithombo zivame ukuhlonyiswa ngezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo zokuphatha amanzi nezakhamzimba, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zithola amanani afanele ngesikhathi esifanele.
Lezi zinhlelo zokunisela kanye nokudla okunembayo zisiza ukonga izinsiza ngenkathi zithuthukisa ukukhula nokukhiqiza kwezitshalo.
Izinhlobo zama-Greenhouses
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokugcina izithombo, ngayinye yakhelwe izidingo ezithile. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
1. Izindlu Zokushisa Ezizodwa
Lezi yizinhlobo ezilula kakhulu ze-greenhouse, ezihlanganisa isakhiwo esisodwa. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukulima kwezinga elincane noma izinjongo zocwaningo.
2. Ama-Gable-End Greenhouses
Lolu hlobo lwakhiwe ngophahla oluphakeme futhi luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukulima okukhudlwana. Zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zingcono ekukhuliseni indawo, ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukulima kwezentengiselwano.
3. Ama-Greenhouses ahlakaniphile
Lezi zindlu zokushisa ezisezingeni eliphezulu zisebenzisa amasistimu nezinzwa ezizenzakalelayo ukuze zigade futhi zilungise izimo ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokukhanya ngesikhathi sangempela. Ama-greenhouses ahlakaniphile angakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezishintshayo futhi enze izinguquko ezisheshayo, enze indawo ekhulayo yezitshalo ibe ngcono.
Izinzuzo zama-Greenhouses
1. Ukwengeza Ukuphumelela
Ama-greenhouse asiza izitshalo ukuthi zikhule kahle ngokunikeza izimo ezikahle zokukhula. Ngezindawo ezilawulwayo, izitshalo zingavuthwa ngokushesha kunalezo ezitshalwe emasimini avulekile. Lokhu kubangela isivuno esiphezulu kanye nokukhiqizwa okungaguquki.
2. Ukongiwa Kwezinsiza
Izindlu ezibamba ukushisa zisebenzisa izinsiza ezifana namanzi nezakhamzimba ngendlela ephumelelayo. Ngezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kuyancishiswa, futhi umanyolo usetshenziswa lapho kudingeka khona. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokugcina izinsiza kodwa futhi kunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wokulima.
3. Ikhwalithi Yezitshalo Ethuthukisiwe
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-greenhouse ahlinzeka ngezimo ezifanele, izitshalo ezitshalwe ngaphakathi kwazo ngokuvamile zisezingeni elingcono. Zivame ukuba nokubukeka okungaguquki, ukunambitheka okungcono, kanye nenani eliphezulu lokudla okunempilo uma kuqhathaniswa nezitshalo ezitshalwa ngaphandle.
4. Ukunciphisa Izinambuzane Nengcindezi Yezifo
Indawo ebiyelwe ye-greenhouse isiza ukunciphisa ubungozi bezinambuzane nezifo ezithinta izitshalo ezitshalwa ngaphandle. Lokhu kuholela ezitshalweni ezinempilo kanye nokuncika ekuthembeleni kuzibulala-zinambuzane.
Isibonelo esisodwa senkampani esebenza ngokukhethekile ekwakheni izindlu zokugcina izithombo ezithuthukisiweIzindawo zokuhlala e- Chengfei Greenhouses. Banikeza izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ze-greenhouse, ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva bokulawula isimo sezulu, ukuchelela, nokuphathwa kwezakhi. Ngobuchwepheshe babo, abalimi bangakwazi ukwandisa isivuno sezitshalo kuyilapho benciphisa izindleko nomthelela wemvelo.
Ama-greenhouses ayithuluzi elinamandla lezolimo zesimanje, okwenza abalimi batshale izitshalo ngendlela efanele nangendlela esimeme. Ngokulawula ukukhanya, izinga lokushisa, umswakama, amazinga e-CO2, nezakhamzimba, izindawo zokugcina izithombo zakha indawo ekahle ukuze izitshalo zikhule. Njengoba ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu nokongiwa kwezinsiza kuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu, izindawo zokugcina izithombo zizodlala indima enkulu esikhathini esizayo sokukhiqizwa kokudla.
Siyakwamukela ukuba nengxoxo eyengeziwe nathi.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-31-2025
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