Greenhouseukulima kukatamatisi sekuthole ukuduma njengendlela yokulima yesimanje, eqhutshwa ukwanda kwesidingo semifino emisha nenempilo. Le ndlela ivumela ukulawula okunembile endaweni ekhulayo, ithuthukise kokubili isivuno nekhwalithi. Kodwa yini ngempelai-greenhouseukulima utamatisi? Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola incazelo yayo, izinzuzo, ukuqhathanisa nokulima kwendabuko, umthelela wendawo, kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhilelekile.
Incazelo kanye Nezinzuzo zei-greenhouseUkulima Utamatisi
i-greenhouseukulima kukatamatisi kubhekisela ekutshalweni kukatamatisi ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-greenhouse esihlinzeka indawo elawulwayo. Le ndlela yokulima iza nezinzuzo ezimbalwa eziyingqayizivele.
Okokuqala,i-greenhouses ivumela abalimi ukuthi balawule izinga lokushisa, umswakama, nokukhanya, okwenza izimo zokukhula ezifanele. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kusho ukuthi utamatisi ungaphumelela ngisho nangezikhathi zonyaka ezingezinhle. Isibonelo, ebusika obubandayo, i-Chengfei Greenhouse igcina amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-20°C (68°F), okwenza utamatisi ukhule futhi uvuthwe lapho ngokuvamile ungakwazi.
Okwesibili, indawo evalelwe ai-greenhousekunciphisa izigameko zezinambuzane nezifo. Abalimi bangathembela kuzilawuli zebhayoloji noma ekufakweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane eziqondiwe, okwehlisa isidingo sokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali futhi kuthuthukise ukuphepha kokudla. I-greenhouse esebenzisa izinambuzane ezizuzisayo njengama-ladybugs ukuphatha i-aphid ngempumelelo inciphise ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ngenkathi iqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezitshalo zayo.
Enye inzuzo ephawulekayo yei-greenhouseukulima yikhono lokuthuthukisa kokubili isivuno kanye nekhwalithi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle zokukhula, utamatisi ukhula ngokushesha futhi uthuthukise ukunambitheka okungcono. Odabeni lwakamuva, umlimi ubike isivuno esihle samaphawundi angama-30,000 ehektheni ngalinye.i-greenhouse, ephakeme kakhulu kunamaphawundi angu-15,000 ngokuvamile akhiqizwa ngezindlela ezivamile zangaphandle, okuholela ezinzuzweni ezinkulu zezomnotho.
Okokugcina,i-greenhouseukulima konga izinsiza. Ngamasu okunisela esimanje njengokunisela nge-drip, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kuyathuthukiswa, kunciphisa imfucuza. Ubuchwepheshe bokufaka umanyolo obunembayo bubuye bunciphise ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo. Endlini enkulu ebamba ukushisa, ukuqaliswa kwesistimu yokunisela ngamaconsi kwandise ukusebenza kahle kwamanzi ngama-50%, okuholela ekongeni kwamanzi okubalulekile.
Ukuqhathanisai-greenhouseUkulima Utamatisi Ngokulinywa Kwendabuko
i-greenhouseukulima kukatamatisi kunikeza izinzuzo eziningana ngaphezu kwemikhuba yokulima evamile. Ukulima kwendabuko kuvame ukuba ngaphansi kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokushintsha kwezinkathi zonyaka, kuyilaphoi-greenhouseihlinzeka ngendawo ekhulayo ezinzile enciphisa lezi zingozi. Phakathi neziphepho ezinamandla, utamatisi wangaphandle angase alahlekelwe yizikhukhula, kanti lawo asendlini yokushisa ahlala evikelekile futhi eqhubeka ekhula.
Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kungenye indawo laphoi-greenhouseukulima kuyaphumelela. Abalimi bendabuko babhekana nezinsongo eziphezulu zezinambuzane nezifo, ezidinga ukufakwa njalo kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Imvelo evaliwe yei-greenhouses kunciphisa kakhulu ukwenzeka kwezinambuzane, okuvumela ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okumbalwa futhi kuthuthukise ukuphepha kwezitshalo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa lokhoi-greenhouseutamatisi adinga kuphela izibulala-zinambuzane ezimbalwa phakathi nenkathi yokukhula, kuyilapho izitshalo zangaphandle zingadinga ukwelashwa okuningana, okwehlisa izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi kunciphise ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Isivuno nokusebenza kahle kwezomnotho nakho kuyathandekai-greenhouseukulima. Abalimi abasebenzisa ama-greenhouse ngokuvamile bathola isivuno esiphezulu namanani emakethe angcono. Ipulazi elilodwa libike imali engenayo yonyaka engama-$60,000 evelai-greenhouseutamatisi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-$35,000 kuphela evela endaweni efanayo etshalwe ngezindlela zendabuko. Ngaphezu kwalokho,i-greenhouseukulima kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinsiza, njengoba ubuchwepheshe besimanje buholela ekuphathweni okungcono kwamanzi nomanyolo, ekugcineni kwehlisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Umthelela Kwezemvelo wei-greenhouseUkulima Utamatisi
Umthelela wemvelo wei-greenhouseukulima utamatisi kuyaphawuleka ezindaweni eziningana. Okokuqala, ukusetshenziswa kokunisela nge-drip kunciphisa kakhulu imfucuza yamanzi, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izitshalo zithola umswakama odingekayo. Lokhu kulawulwa kwamanzi ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ezindaweni ezibhekene nokushoda kwamanzi. Esifundeni esikhahlamezeke isomiso, uhlelo lokuchelela ngokuconsa kwe-greenhouse lwehlise ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngo-60%, okusekela ngempumelelo ukukhula kwezitshalo.
Okwesibili, ukuthembela ekulawuleni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuqapha okuhlakaniphile kusho lokhoi-greenhouseukulima kuvame ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali ezimbalwa, okunciphisa izingozi zokungcoliswa kwemvelo. I-greenhouse yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu egwema ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ilawula izinambuzane ngokusebenzisa izilwane ezidla ezinye zemvelo, igcina ibhalansi yemvelo.
i-greenhouseukulima ngokuvamile kusebenzisa izindlela zokutshala ngaphandle kwenhlabathi ezivimbela ukutshala ngokweqile kanye nokungcoliswa kwamakhemikhali okuvamile ekulimeni kwendabuko, ukuvikela impilo yomhlabathi. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-microbial ezindaweni ezingenamhlaba kungakhuphuka ngo-50%, kugcinwe imisebenzi ebalulekile yemvelo.
Ukubuka konke kwezobuchwepheshe
i-greenhouseukulima utamatisi kuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene obuphambili. Izinhlelo zokulawula imvelo zisebenzisa izinzwa zokushisa nomswakama ukuze ziqaphe indawo ebamba ukushisa ngesikhathi sangempela. Amasistimu azisebenzelayo alungisa umoya, ukushisisa, nokupholisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe izimo ezifanele zokukhula kwezitshalo. E-Chengfei Greenhouse, isistimu yokulawula ezenzakalelayo igcina izinga lokushisa elifunekayo kanye namazinga omswakama.
Ubuchwepheshe bokunisela obufana ne-drip kanye ne-spray systems buvumela ukuchelela okunembayo okusekelwe ezidingweni zezitshalo, kuthuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela efanele. Ukufakwa kwakamuva kwezinhlelo zokuchelela ezihlakaniphile epulazini kuthuthukise isikhathi sokunisela kanye nomthamo wamanzi, okwenza izimo zokukhula zibe ngcono.
Ukuphatha izakhi kubalulekile ngokufanayo. Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo owuketshezi kanye nezixazululo zezakhi, kuhlangene nobuchwepheshe bokuhlola inhlabathi, kuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zithola ukondliwa okwanele. Izinhlelo zokuvundisa ezizenzakalelayo zilungisa ukusetshenziswa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zesikhathi sangempela, zithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kukamanyolo.
Okokugcina, izinhlelo zokuqapha izinambuzane nezifo zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili kanye nezindlela zokulawula izinto eziphilayo ukuze zithole izinkinga ngokushesha, okuvumela izimpendulo ezisheshayo eziqinisekisa impilo yezitshalo. I-greenhouse enezinhlelo zokuqapha zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ihlonza futhi ibhekane nezinkinga zezinambuzane, inciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho okungaba khona.
i-greenhouseukulima kukatamatisi, njengendlela yesimanje yezolimo, kuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nezinqubo zokuphatha eziphumelelayo ukuze kuzuzwe isivuno esiphezulu kanye nekhwalithi ngenkathi kunciphisa umthelela wendawo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bezolimo buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ikusasa lei-greenhouseukulima kukatamatisi kubukeka kuthembisa.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-10-2025
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