Emphakathini wezingadi, njengoba ubusika buhamba, "izinhlobo ze-lettuce zokutshalwa kwe-greenhouse ebusika" iba igama elidumile lokusesha. Phela, ubani ongeke afune ukuthi indawo yabo yokushisa igcwale uhlaza oluluhlaza futhi ikhiphe ulethisi othambile, othambile phakathi nenkathi ebandayo? Namuhla, ake sihlole umhlaba wokutshalwa kwe-ulethisi obamba ukushisa ebusika futhi sithole ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Cold - Hardy Champions: Ulethisi Awukwesabi Ukubanda
Ezindlini zokugcina izithombo zasebusika, izinga lokushisa eliphansi yinselele enkulu yokutshalwa kwe-ulethisi. Ulethisi othi "Winter Delight", ngokuzalanisa isikhathi eside, unofuzo oluhle kakhulu olumelana nokubanda. Endlini ebamba ukushisa eNyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina, izinga lokushisa ebusuku - isikhathi lalihamba phakathi kuka-2 - 6℃ izinsuku eziyishumi zilandelana. Nakuba izinhlobo ezivamile ze-ulethisi ziyeka ukukhula, ulethisi othi "Winter Delight" wahlala ugcwele amaqabunga aluhlaza. Amangqamuzana amaqabunga awo aqoqa inani elikhulu lezinto zokunqanda ukuqhwa njenge-proline, ezehlisa indawo yokuqandisa ye-cell sap, evimbela amangqamuzana ukuba angalinyazwa amazinga okushisa aphansi. Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, isivuno sawo sasingaphansi ngo-12% kuphela kunaleso esingaphansi kwamazinga okushisa avamile, kuyilapho isivuno sezinhlobo ze-lettuce ezivamile zehla ngo-45% - 55%, okubonisa igebe elicacile.
I-lettuce ethi "Cold Emerald" nayo inokubandayo okuphawulekayo - ukumelana. Amaqabunga awo aminyene ambozwe ungqimba oluncane lwe-waxy ngaphezulu. Lesi singqimba se-waxy asigcini nje ukunciphisa ukuhwamuka kwamanzi, ukugcina isitshalo "sinomswakama", kodwa futhi sisebenza njenge-insulation, sivimbela umoya obandayo ekuhlaseleni ngokuqondile izicubu zamaqabunga zangaphakathi. Endlini ebamba ukushisa e-Hebei, ebusika lapho izinga lokushisa livame ukuguquguquka cishe ku-7℃, ulethisi we-"Cold Emerald" ukhule amaqabunga amasha ngokushesha, ngesitshalo esihlangene futhi esiqinile. Izinga layo lokusinda lalingama-25% - 35% ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-lettuce.
Izinkanyezi ze-Hydroponic: Ukuchuma Kuzixazululo Zomsoco
Kulezi zinsuku, i-hydroponics iya ngokuya ithandwa kakhulu ekulimeni ulethisi obamba ukushisa. Ulethisi "Hydroponic Jade" unohlelo lwezimpande oluthuthuke kakhulu kanye nekhono elimangalisayo lokujwayela indawo yasemanzini. Uma isibekwe ohlelweni lwe-hydroponic, izimpande zayo zanda ngokushesha, zakha "inethiwekhi yokumunca izakhi" ezinamandla ezikwazi ukuthatha izakhi ezibalulekile njenge-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potassium esixazululweni sezakhi. Uma nje izinga lokushisa lilawulwa phakathi kuka-18 - 22℃ futhi isisombululo somsoco silinganiswa ngokunembile, singavunwa cishe ezinsukwini ezingu-35. E-Chengfei Greenhouse, ebusika, ngokulawulwa kwemvelo okuhlakaniphile, ulethisi "Hydroponic Jade" utshalwa ngezinga elikhulu. Indawo eyodwa yokutshala ifinyelela ku-1500 square metres, futhi isivuno ngasinye sigcinwa ngokuzinzile ku-9 - 10 tons. I-lettuce evuniwe inamaqabunga amakhulu, acwebile, namanzi anokunambitheka okumnandi okunconywa kakhulu.
I-lettuce ethi "Crystal Ice Leaf" nayo iyinkanyezi kuma-hydroponics. Amaqabunga awo ambozwe ama-crystal - amangqamuzana e-vesicular acacile, angagcini nje ngokuwenza abukeke emuhle kodwa futhi andisa umthamo wawo wokugcina amanzi. Emvelweni we-hydroponic, ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kalula nezinguquko kumsoco namanzi. Endlini encane - isitayela se-hydroponic greenhouse e-Shanghai, izitshalo ezingama-80 ze-"Crystal Ice Leaf" zatshalwa. Umnikazi washintsha ikhambi lezakhi ngesikhathi isonto ngalinye futhi wasebenzisa i-aerator ukuze aqinisekise umoya-mpilo owanele oncibilikisiwe emanzini. Ulethisi wakhula ngamandla. Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, isisindo esijwayelekile sesitshalo ngasinye sasifinyelela cishe amagremu angu-320, namaqabunga agcwele acebile amaminerali namavithamini ahlukahlukene.
Izifo - Amaqhawe Angazweli: Ukuvikela Kalula Ezifweni
Ama-greenhouseszivalwe ngokuqhathaniswa nomswakama ophezulu, "okuyipharadesi" lamagciwane. Nokho, ulethisi othi "Isifo - Inkanyezi Engazweli" awunakwesaba. Iqukethe ama-metabolites ahlukahlukene esibili esitshalweni sayo, njengama-phytoalexins nama-phenolic compounds. Lapho amagciwane ehlasela, ngokushesha avule indlela yawo yokuzivikela. Endlini ebamba ukushisa endaweni elisogwini lwase-Zhejiang, lapho umswakama ubulokhu uphezulu unyaka wonke, izehlakalo ze-downy mildew ezinhlotsheni ze-ulethisi ezivamile zaziphezulu ngendlela engu-55% - 65%. Ngemuva kokutshala ulethisi othi "Isifo - Inkanyezi Engazweli", izehlakalo zehla zaya ku-8% - 12%. Lapho kubhekene namagciwane e-downy mildew, ama-phytoalexins ku-lettuce ethi "Isifo - Inkanyezi Engazweli" ingavimbela ukuhluma kwezinhlamvu ze-pathogen kanye nokukhula kwe-hyphae, ukuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi akhule futhi asakaze esitshalweni. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kuncipha kakhulu, futhi ulethisi okhiqizwayo uluhlaza futhi unempilo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-23-2025
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